Learn To Translate, Chinese Grammar

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坐起来 (zu ò q ǐ lai=to sit on) vs. 坐起来 (zu ò q ǐ lai=to sit up) vs. 坐起来 (zu ò q ǐ lai=start to sit): Examples: 1. This sofa is very comfortable to sit on. 这 (zh è ) 张 (zh ā ng= a measure word for flat objects) 沙发 (sh ā f ā =sofa) 坐起来 (zu ò q ǐ lai=to sit on) 很 (h ě n=very) 舒服 (sh ū fu=comfortable) 。 坐起来 here means "your feeling when you're sitting on the sofa" 2. Can you sit up ? 你 (n ǐ =you) 可以 (kě ​ y ǐ =can) 坐起来 (zu ò q ǐ lai=to sit up) 吗 (ma=question particle for "yes-no" questions) ？ 3. I started to sit tiredly. (I was tired then started to sit). 我 (w ǒ =I) 累 (l è i=tired) 地 (de) 坐起来 (zu ò q ǐ lai=start to sit) 了 (le=(indicates "something has done")) 。

关心 (guānxīn) is used to care about people or issues with emotion. Usually, you want to do something to help him/her/them or solving the problems. 在乎 (zàihu) is used for people (frequently) or thing you feel very important and always think about her/him/it/them. Example: She does not only care about you, but also always cares about you in her mind all times. 她 (t ā =she) 不但 (b ù d à n=not only) 关心 (gu ā nx ī n=to care about, to want to do something to help) 你 (n ǐ =you) ，而且还 ( é rqi ě h á i=but also) 在乎 (z à ihu=to care about in mind all times) 你 (n ǐ =you) 。

要是 and 如果 are often inter changeable. 如果 is more formal and more commonly used in written language. 要是 is more colloquial and more commonly used when expressing hypothetical situations. Examples: 1 ． If anyone calls on the phone, tell them I have gone to the client's company for attending the meeting. 如果 (r ú gu ǒ =if) 有 (y ǒ u=there is) 人 (r é n=person) 打电话 (d ǎ di à nhu à =calls on the phone) ，就 (ji ù =then) 说 (shu ō =to tell) 我 (w ǒ =I) 到 (d à o=to go) 客户 (kè ​ hù=client) 公司 (g ō ngs ī =company) 开会 (k ā ihu ì =to attend a meeting) 了 (le) 。 (More formal and more commonly used in written language) 2. If I can fly, I will come back often. 要是 (y à osh ì =if) 我 (w ǒ =I) 会 (hu ì =will) 飞 (f ē i=to fly), 我 (w ǒ =I) 会 (hu ì =will) 常常 (ch á ngch á ng=often) 回来 (hu í l á i) 。 (More colloquial and more commonly used in hypothetical situations)      

不管 is used when you have confidence (to continue) to do something you think is right, though people said bad things about it. 无所谓 is used when you don't care about something because it's not your business. Examples: 1. I don't care, I want to eat it. 我 (w ǒ =I) 不管 (bù ​ gu ǎ n=don't care), 我 (w ǒ =I) 要 (yào=to want) 吃 (chī=to eat) 。 (The speaker has confidence to eat the food; she doesn't care what people said bad things about the food) 2. I don't care, I want to eat now. 我 (w ǒ =I) 无所谓 (wú ​ su ǒ ​ wèi=don't care), 我 (w ǒ =I) 要 (yào=to want) 吃 (chī=to eat) 。 (The speaker just wants to eat; s/he doesn't care about something that is not her/his business)

接下来 is used when you are talking about the sequence or series of things. 然后 is often used with 先 (xiān=first) to indicate the sequence of two events. Example: 1. Thanks Ms. Li for your speech. Next, we will listen to Mr. Wang sings a song. 谢谢 (xi è xie=thanks) 李 (l ǐ =Li) 女士 (n ǚ sh ì =Ms.) 的 (de) 演讲 (y ǎ nji ǎ ng=to make a speech) 。接下来 (ji ē xi à l á i=next) ，我们 (w ǒ men=we) 要 (y à o=will) 听 (t ī ng=to listen) 王 (W á ng=Wang) 先生 (Xi ā nsheng=Mr.) 唱歌 (ch à ngg ē =to sing a song). 2. First, we will listen to Ms. Li's speech and then afterward we'll listen to Mr. Zhu sings a song. 我们 (w ǒ men=we) ( 先 (xi ā n=first)) 听 (t ī ng=to listen) 李 (l ǐ =Li) 女士 (n ǚ sh ì =Ms.) 的 (de) 演讲 (y ǎ nji ǎ ng=to make a speech) 然后 (r á nh ò u= then) 听 (t ī ng=to listen) 王 (W á ng=Wang) 先生 (Xi ā nsheng=Mr.) 唱歌 (ch à ngg ē =to sing a song).